We analyzed EGFR, KRAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA mutation status with direct sequencing and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression status with immunohistochemistry in tumor samples of 82 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who were enrolled in the IRIX trial (preoperative chemoradiation with irinotecan and capecitabine; n=44) or the ERBIRIX trial (preoperative chemoradiation with irinotecan and capecitabine plus cetuximab; n=38).
These aberrations may contribute to differential outcomes to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor therapy among patients with right colon, left colon, or rectal cancers.
In the present study, we performed a systematic literature search for relevant studies up to 30 March 2015 and conducted a meta-analysis to summarize and clarify the association between the TYMS polymorphisms and the tumor response to pCRT in rectal cancer.
Elevated CD133, but not VEGF or EGFR, on FFPE specimens may be a predictive marker of distant recurrence and poor survival after preoperative CRT in rectal cancer.
These results suggest that [(18)F]-FLT PET is a promising imaging biomarker to predict response to neoadjuvant therapy that included EGFR blockade with cetuximab in patients with rectal cancer.
Gene expression levels of epidermal growth factor receptor, survivin, and vascular endothelial growth factor as molecular markers of lymph node involvement in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.
High TS and DPD mRNA levels on FFPE specimens may predict distant recurrence of rectal cancer treated with 5-FU-based preoperative CRT followed by surgery.
The pooled analysis results indicated that MTHFR C677T might be correlated with the tumor response to pRCT under the recessive model (CC vs. CTTT) in overall analysis (OR=1.426(1.074-1.894), P=0.014), rectal cancer (OR=1.483(1.102-1.996), P=0.009), and TRG 1-2 vs. 3-5 group (OR=1.423(1.046-1.936), P=0.025), while other polymorphism including MTHFR A1298C, EGFRG497A, and EGFR CA repeat polymorphisms exerted significant association under all genetic models in overall analysis or subgroup analysis.
To evaluate the predictive value of acute toxicity of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677T polymorphism, glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) substitution of isoleucine with valine at codon 105 (Ile105Val) polymorphism and the tandem repeat polymorphism in the thymidylate synthase gene promoter in elderly patients with rectal cancer receiving preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT).
To establish a causal relationship between the gene expression profiles of angiogenetic molecular markers, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), in rectal cancer and the local responsiveness to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and subsequent disease recurrence.
VKORC1 Haplotype A) and somatic mutations (e.g. epidermal growth factor receptor), along with the introduction of FDA approved pharmacogenetic tests (UGT1A1*28) and the initiation of a genotype-guided clinical trial for cancer therapy (TYMS TSER in rectal cancer) have provided the first steps towards the integration of pharmacogenomics into clinical practice.
To evaluate the relationship between polymorphisms (28 bp repeated sequences in 5'-UTR and 6-bp ins/ del in 3'-UTR) in then thymidylate synthetase gene (TS) and risk of colorectal, colon and rectal cancers, we conducted a case-control study with 315 cases of colorectal cancer and 439 population-based controls in Jiangsu province, China.
Our data suggest that the HER-1R497K and EGFR intron 1 (CA)(n) repeat polymorphisms may be potential indicators of radiosensitivity in patients with rectal cancer treated with chemoradiation.
We initially selected 6 fluoropyrimidine metabolism-related genes (DPYD, ORPT, TYMS, TYMP, TK1, and TK2) and 3 radiotherapy response-related genes (GLUT1, HIF-1α, and HIF-2α) as targets for gene expression identification in 60 LARC cancer specimens.
Our results seem to confirm the previously described association of thymidylate synthase and the prediction of chemoradiotherapy response in rectal cancer.